Paul Annus

The general goal is the development of electronic devices for clinical measurement of soft tissues. Specific result is a device for continuous monitoring of the condition of the heart muscle during heart surgery. Heart disease is the most common cause of death (WHO 2019, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death). Surgery plays an important role in the treatment of advanced heart diseases, with a risk of damage to the muscle (of a stopped heart!) during surgery. Current heart protection methods are poorly controlled, as based on schemes developed by trial and error. The unique solution being created will ensure the real-time usage of protective solutions based on objective heart muscle indicators. The technology being created, also allows measuring of various other muscle, fat and connective tissues, and could also distinguish benign and malignant tissues. The solutions created use inventive electrical impedance spectroscopy technologies of TalTech.

There has been a fast development of new technological devices to monitor glucose levels, matching the ubiquitous dissemination of digital connectivity and social networking. The increase in social, educational, and age disparities among patients, more information on the web and social networks, and the development of better technological devices created a new environment characterized by several challenges. Unfortunately, the ecosystem for treating patients within this new reality has not changed, and there is a need to develop a better understanding of the real value generated by technologies in terms of the patient's behaviors and their decision processes to achieve higher levels of patient empowerment for Type1 and Type 2 diabetes prevention since they have related to different methods of risk perception. These challenges highlight the need to estimate the value offered to each patient by technology to achieve patient empowerment for more efficient prevention. NEODIPPE is born to pursue a crystal clear mission: to explore and identify the best use of technological developments to empower patients to prevent and treat diabetes, which implies innovating the traditional paradigms of health services from occasional appointments to networking monitoring and empowerment, supporting the processes of decision making and proposing new approaches to clinical practices, health organizations, and public financing in terms of the latest needs, resources, and preferences of the patients.

The goal is to study new solutions & principles for electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with significantly improved metrological and functional characteristics, like higher measurement accuracy, resolution and speed, lower power consumption and wider frequency and dynamic ranges. New solutions enhance the existing and enable new applications of EIS in healthcare, biology and industries. The principles & solutions to measure biological & physiological properties of organs, tissues and microorganisms/pathogens, as well as of composites, alloys etc. are the subjects of the research. Unique low-cost low-power miniaturized high-resolution and flexible measurement components with various connectivity (IoT, BAN etc) will be created by new EIS groundings. An important R&D aspect is synchronous signal processing and communication in EIS sensor-arrays. Research aspects: sampling theory AI/ML) and metrology (eg novel calibration techniques, methods of implementation in biology and medicine.